Earth Piercing

The use of a tool that comprises a percussive hammer within a suitable, generally torpedo-shaped casing. The hammer may be pneumatic or hydraulic. The term is usually associated with nonsteered devices.

Earth Pressure Balance (EPB) Machine

Type of microtunneling or tunneling machine in which mechanical pressure is applied to the material at the face and controlled to provide the correct counter-balance to earth pressures in order to prevent heave or subsidence. The term is usually not applied to those machines where the pressure originates from the main Pipe JackingA system of using hydraulic jacking from a drive shaft to directly install pipes behind a shield machine so that they form a continuous string in the ground. rig in the Drive ShaftSee Jacking Shaft./Pit or to systems in which the primary counter-balance of earth pressures is supplied by pressurized drilling fluid.

Earth Pressure Balance Shield

Mechanical tunnelling shield which utilises a full face to support the ground in front of the shield and usually employs an auger flight to extract the material in a controlled manner.

Easement

A liberty, privilege, or advantage without profit which the owner of one parcel of land may have in the hand of another. In this agreement, all land, other than public streets, in which the owner has sewer system lines or installations and right of access to such lines or installations.

Easement Access

Areas within an easement to which access is required for performance of work.